Pdf designing for communities of practice james sheil. Lave and wengers 1991 and wengers 1998 theoretical claims, and in others it was motivated by the assumptions put forth by other influential social learning theorists. An evaluation framework for mixed methods research the valuecreation framework as a mixed methods research tool 2017. Shared repertoire is a crucial aspect of the practice that community members engage in. Introduction to communities of practice wengertrayner.
Communities of practice cops, which have been described by wenger and others as a type of informal learning organization, have received increasing attention in the health care sector. The concept has turned out to provide a useful perspective on knowing and learning. Roles of communities of practice for the development of. Wenger on learning in communities of practice new learning. Practice is considered as a set frameworks, ideas, tools, information, styles, language, stories, and documents wenger et al.
According to wenger, communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly. A search in the database for communities of practice wenger 1998 yields. Communities of practice and organizational performance 2. The main message of communities of practice wenger 1998 is that even in. However, the framework he developed in his seminal book communities of practice. The concept of practice connotes doing, but not just doing in and of itself. Learning, meaning, and identity cambridge university press, 1998. Wengers 1998 work promotes an ethos of learning and practice based knowledge development through active engagement in practice within a cop. It is doing in a historical and social context that gives structure and meaning to what we do.
Mar 01, 2009 communities of practice cops, which have been described by wenger and others as a type of informal learning organization, have received increasing attention in the health care sector. Wenger is a consultant on knowledge management and communities of practice and the author of communities of practice. And we travel through numerous communities over the course of our lives. In this work, they put forward the idea that learning is a process of participation in communities of practice participation that is at first peripheral but that increases.
In social learning systems and communities of practice ss. Individuals develop their sense of belonging and alignment to a community of practice and its way of thinking and doing through their active engagement in the cultural practice wenger, 1998. The phrase communities of practice was coined by educational theorists jean lave and etienne wenger lave and wenger 1991 in the groundbreaking book situated learning. Through this conception lave and wenger want to stress that a. Communities of practice and social learning systems. Communities of practice have been around for as long as human beings have learned together. The grit in the oyster does an appreciation of threshold concepts in an adult literacies teaching qualification result in pearls of practice. It makes sense, therefore to call these kinds of communities communities of practice. Ccooommmmuuunnniiitttiieeesss ooofff ppprrraaacccttiiccee. A growing number of people and organizations in various sectors are now focusing on communities of practice as a key to improving their performance.
Communities of practice as a social theory of learning. Learning, meaning and identity is overlooked in the academic and popular business press, where the focus is most typically on managing a community of practice, rather than. A cop can evolve naturally because of the members common interest in a particular domain or area, or it can be created deliberately with the goal of gaining knowledge related to a specific field. Communities of practice lave and wenger learning theories. Wenger then significantly expanded on the concept in his 1998 book communities of practice wenger 1998. The usefulness of wengers framework in understanding a. First published 1998 reprinted 1999 first paperback edition 1999 printed in the united states of america. When these conditions are in place, communities of practice are a privileged locus for the creation of knowledge wenger, 1998, p. Learning in a landscape of practice chapters on new developments in theory and practice 2014.
Pdf on jun 1, 2003, mellony graven and others published wenger, e. In some groups we are core members, in others we are more at the margins. The community develops its coherence through the negotiation of the joint enterprise wenger, 1998, p. Exploring the potential of communities of practice for. In this work, lave and wenger used an anthropological perspective to argue that learning is not just receiving or absorbing information. Selected writings by sylvia scribnet ethel iobach, rachel jaffee falmagne, mary b parlee, laura mwmartin, and aggie kapelman eds sociocultural studies of mind lames vwerisch, pablo del rio, and amelia alvarez eds. Some communities of practice are quite formal in organization, others are very fluid and informal.
Wed like to understand how you use our websites in order to improve them. Lave and wenger propose that, a community of practice is a set of relations among persons, activity, and world, over time and in relation to other tangential and overlapping communities of practice 1991, p. At home, at work, at school, in our hobbies, we all belong to communities of practice, a number of them usually. In 1998, the theorist etienne wenger extended the concept and applied it to other domains, such as organizations. Learning mathematics in local communities of practice. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. Social, cognitive and computational perspectives 1st edition. While this may be the case, it is possible to examine an organisation and find empty spaces where opportunities to cultivate communities of. This list is generated based on data provided by crossref. According to wenger 1998, cop members negotiation of meanings in practice leads to the development of three structural elements of cops. Scientific literature provides several definitions of communities of practice brown and duguid 1998, marathe 1999, wenger and snyder 2000, magnusson and davidsson 2001, andriessen et al. For a directory of programs that represents our potential community of practice in rural medical education, click here wenger, e. A community of practice cop is a group of people who share a craft or a profession. Jean lave, etienne wenger and communities of practice.
Communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared. By etienne wenger, cambridge university press, 1998. Communities of practice the organizational frontier etienne c. A key premise of his theoretical work is that communities of practice can arise in any domain of human endeavour, for instance, the practice of creating new forms of artistic expression, or the practices involved in. The fact that individuals are motivated to join a cop primarily to develop a sense of identity and belonging is central to wengers 1998 belief. Communities of practice are everywhere wenger, 1998. Evolution of wengers concept of community of practice. This book presents a theory of learning that starts with the assumption that engagement in social practice is the fundamental process by which we get to know what we know and by which we become. Wenger 1998 identified three critical elements of communities of practice. Membership is a result of participating in and contributing to the. Social, cognitive and computational perspectives series by etienne wenger.
These relationships, division of knowledge labour or transactive. The term community of practice is of relatively recent coinage, even though the phenomenon it refers to is ageold. The practices of the constituent members reflect their understanding of what is important wenger, 1998. Social, cognitive and computational perspectives paperback jan 2000. This book has been cited by the following publications. Situating learning in communities of practice jean lave what would happen if a different eye, culturally and historically sensitized by an excursion through forms of apprenticeship in different parts of the world, errc turned on specific contemporary cultural and historical features of learning pr. Hara 2003 outlined four stages of design necessary to ensure that a cop is. Jean lave, etienne wenger and communities of practice infed. Communities of practice the basic argument made by jean lave and etienne wenger is that communities of practice are everywhere and that we are generally involved in a number of them whether that is at work, school, home, or in our civic and leisure interests.
Communities of practice as a social theory of learning white rose. General interest communities of practice by etienne wenger. These individuals deepen their knowledge and expertise through regular interaction with each other wenger 2006. Having grown up in the frenchspeaking parts of switzerland, wenger achieved a b. My assumption as to what matters about learning and as to the nature of knowledge, knowing, and knowers can be succinctly summarized as follows. Communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared domain of human endeavor. Etienne wenger 1998 is widely cited for his work on the topic of communities of practice. Communities of practice refers to groups of people who share a concern or a passion for a topic, a craft, andor a profession wenger 1998, 2006. Situating learning in communities of practice jean lave what would happen if a different eye, culturally and historically sensitized by.
Joint enterprise refers to the fact that members of the community interact regularly. Learning as peripheral participation in communities of. Learning, meaning, and identity eiienne wenger communities ofpractice. Etienne wenger stated that the structure of the cop is based on three components. Communities of practice 1 a brief introduction june, 2006 ccoommmmuunniittiieess ooff pprraaccttiiccee aa bbrriieeff iinnttrroodduuccttiioonn etienne wenger the term community of practice is of relatively recent coinage, even. Domain or mutual engagement, where an identity is defined and shared by a community based on the common goals or interests of its members. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Learning, meaning and identity find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
Learning, meaning, and identity eiienne wenger communities ofpractice learning, meaning, and identity etienne wenger instituteor researth on learning cambridge universiiypress. What it is about its joint enterprise as understood and. Communities of practice cops develop around areas that matter to people. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. Community of practice 1 what are communities of practice. The term community of practice is of relatively recent coinage, even though the. Key theorist, etienne wenger, defines communities of practice as groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly wenger, 1998.
1645 791 806 1611 303 511 631 884 173 830 589 282 6 1550 411 348 889 730 198 899 1282 1249 1050 1523 1183 226 98 979 239 657 438 1025 1114 1319